Magnetic effect of electric current for Class 10

Let’s start with the introduction of the magnetic effect of electric current.

What is the Magnetic effect of electric current?

‘Magnetic effect of current’ states that ‘a current flowing in a wire produces a magnetic field around it. Electric currents can produce magnetism. It is observed that when a compass is brought near a current-carrying conductor then the needle of the compass gets deflected because of the flow of electricity.

Magnetic field

The space surrounding a magnet, in which magnetic force is exerted, is called a magnetic field. The magnetic field is a vector quantity, i.e. it has both direction and magnitude. Tesla is the SI Unit of the magnetic field.

The direction of the magnetic field

The direction of the magnetic field at a point is the direction of the resultant force acting on a hypothetical north pole placed at that point.

Magnetic field line

 Magnetic field lines are a visual tool used to represent magnetic fields. The magnetic field gta lines are the lines drawn in a magnetic field along which a north magnetic pole would move.

Properties (or characteristics) of magnetic field lines

• The magnetic field lines begin from the north pole of a magnet and end at its south pole.
• The magnetic field lines come closer to one another near the poles of a magnet but these magnetic lines are widely separated at other places.
• The magnetic field lines never intersect one another.
• The magnetic field line is a vector quantity. So it has magnitude and direction both. The tangent is deformed at any point of a magnetic field line.
• A magnetic field line is an imaginary curve along which a free unit north pole tends to move.
• Magnetic field lines always form closed loops.

The magnetic field of Earth: The shape of the earth’s magnetic field resembles that of an imaginary bar magnet. The axis of the earth’s magnetic field is inclined at an angle of about 15⁰ with the geographical axis.   

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